College of Communication Arts and Sciences

The College of Communication Arts and Sciences offers programs leading to the master's degree in each of its academic units and, at the college level, to the Master of Arts degree in Health Communication. In addition, the college offers programs leading to the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Communicative Sciences and Disorders, in Communication, in Media and Information Studies, and Retailing. Specific requirements depend upon the major area, the interests of the student, and the recommendations of the major advisor or the guidance committee. For more information, visit www.cas.msu.edu.

Graduate programs are designed to prepare students to communicate effectively the knowledge and research findings in their major fields and to acquire a deeper understanding of communication theory and process as it relates to society.

Students are encouraged to elect courses in the college consistent with the requirements of their majors and consistent with their academic and career goals.

Students majoring in other colleges of the university may elect courses or cognates in communication arts and sciences.

Practical experience in communication research may be obtained through participation in projects of the various academic units.

Academic standards for admission and retention; degree requirements; and residence, transfer credit and time limit requirements are in accordance with university regulations as shown in the Graduate Education section of this catalog.

Students who are enrolled in the master's degree programs in the Department of Communication may elect a Specialization in Food Safety.  For additional information, refer to the statement on the specialization in the College of Veterinary Medicine section of this catalog.

Students who are enrolled in master’s or doctoral degree programs in the college may elect an Interdepartmental Specialization in Cognitive Science. For additional information, refer to the statement on Interdepartmental Graduate Specializations in Cognitive Science in the College of Social Science section of this catalog.

Students who are enrolled in master's or doctoral  degree programs in the Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders may elect a specialization in Infancy and Early Childhood. For additional information, refer to the statement on Interdepartmental Graduate Specialization in Infancy and Early Childhood in the College of Social Science section of this catalog.

Students who are enrolled in doctoral degree programs in the college may pursue a certification in College Teaching. For additional information, visit www.msu.edu/user/gradschl/teaching.htm.

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university, students must meet the requirements specified below.

Admission

For admission to regular status, at least a 3.00 average in all work completed in the third and fourth years of undergraduate study is required. Some students with an average of less than 3.00 but not less than 2.50 for those two undergraduate years may be admitted for up to 15 credits of graduate work on provisional status.

Requirements for the Degree

All degree programs require a minimum total of 30 credits with the following exceptions:

1. 43 credits are required for the master's degree in audiology and speech sciences;
2. 33 credits are required for the master’s degree in health communication;
3. 33 credits are required for the master’s degree in journalism under Plan B (without thesis);
4. 34 credits are required for the master's degree in retailing under Plan B (without thesis).

Academic Standards

When a student receives a grade below 3.0 in more than two 400–level or higher courses taken for graduate credit at Michigan State University, the student is automatically withdrawn from the program. A graduate student who has been withdrawn under this regulation is required to wait a minimum of one calendar year from the date of the withdrawal before being eligible to apply for readmission to a graduate program in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences. The student may be readmitted, contingent upon repeating one of the three courses in which a grade below a 3.0 was earned, and earning a 3.0 or better grade in the course. The course to be repeated may be specified by the department. Following readmission, any additional grade below 3.0 in any course numbered 400 or higher will result in permanent dismissal. Courses below the 400 level may also be included under this regulation at the discretion of the individual academic unit. While permission may be granted by the student's academic unit chairperson and the associate dean of the College to repeat a course in which a grade of less than 3.0 has been earned, subsequently earning a grade of 3.0 or higher does not eliminate the first earned grade in the course as one of the two allowed under this regulation.

The student must also have at least a 3.00 average in all courses taken for graduate credit.

For students taking the Doctor of Philosophy program in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences, there are four options—Audiology and Speech Sciences, Communication, Media and Information Studies, and Retailing. The Media and Information Studies Ph.D. Program, offered jointly by the Department of Advertising, Public Relations, and Retailing, the School of Journalism, and the Department of Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media, is administered by the College of Communication Arts and Sciences. Further information regarding doctoral study in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences may be obtained from the College office or from the five academic unit offices.

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university, students must meet the requirements specified below.

Admission

For admission to regular status, at least a 3.00 undergraduate and graduate grade–point average normally is required. The student's undergraduate and graduate records must have been established at institutions of high caliber. In some cases a student with an average less than 3.00, but not less than 2.50, may be admitted for one semester on provisional status.

Requirements for the Degree

The total number of course credits in the program and the areas to be covered in the comprehensive examination will be determined by each individual student's guidance committee.

Academic Standards

When a student receives a grade below 3.0 in more than two 400–level or higher courses taken for graduate credit at Michigan State University, or does not have a 3.00 average when 15 credits have been earned, the student is automatically withdrawn from the program. A graduate student who has been withdrawn under this regulation is required to wait a minimum of one calendar year from the date of the withdrawal before being eligible to apply for readmission to a graduate program in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences. The student may be readmitted, contingent upon repeating one of the three courses in which a grade below 3.0 was earned, and earning a 3.0 or better grade in the course. The course to be repeated may be specified by the department. Following readmission, any additional grade below 3.0 in any course numbered 400 or higher will result in permanent dismissal. Courses below the 400 level may also be included under this regulation at the discretion of the individual academic unit. While permission may be granted by the student's academic unit chairperson and the assistant dean of the College to repeat a course in which a grade of less than 3.0 has been earned, subsequently earning a grade of 3.0 or higher does not eliminate the first earned grade in the course as one of the two allowed under this regulation.

The student must have at least a 3.00 average in all courses taken for graduate credit in order to qualify for comprehensive examinations and to undertake the dissertation.

Richard T. Cole, Chairperson

The Department of Advertising, Public Relations, and Retailing links the fields of communication and commerce. The focus on global and research-based practices in these industries is unique to Michigan State University. It is the mission of the department to provide leadership to the respective industries through world-class programs that emphasize the importance of research, outreach and teaching excellence.  Graduates of these department programs will be prepared to plan, implement and evaluate promotional and retailing strategies.  Students will be well-versed in theories from the social sciences, particularly in economics/business, so that they are able to innovatively analyze, diagnose and solve managerial and creative problems. In addition, the undergraduate programs in the department provide the foundation for the Master of Arts degree programs in advertising and in public relations, for the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy degree programs in retailing, and for the Doctor of Philosophy degree program in a variety of interdisciplinary doctoral programs in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences.

Two undergraduate majors are offered in this department: advertising and retailing.  In addition, a Specialization in Public Relations is available.

The undergraduate program in advertising is designed to assist students in acquiring the knowledge and skills which will help them to qualify for careers in advertising and public relations. Such careers are possible with manufacturers, advertising and public relations agencies, the mass media, government, various nonprofit organizations and many other sectors of the economy. Since a graduate degree often is important to long–term success in such careers, the undergraduate program is designed also to prepare qualified students for graduate studies in advertising, public relations and related fields.

The program stresses flexibility and broad perspectives. The intellectual disciplines underlying advertising cut across the arts and sciences. Central to the field is the study of communication and other behavioral sciences, marketing and other business subjects, the creation and production of advertising messages, the selection and use of the media and the allocation of resources to advertising and public relations programs. Course work is designed to provide knowledge of principles basic to all advertising and public relations activities, allow for advanced study in areas such as creative, managerial, media, and research specializations, and to assure the richest possible background to prepare the student for meeting individual and social responsibilities.

The majority of each student's course work provides a broad general education for advertising and public relations in areas such as English and the humanities, natural sciences, economics, behavioral sciences, and marketing and business administration. About one–fourth to one-third of each degree program consists of courses in advertising, including advertising management, consumer research, copy writing, media planning, and social responsibility.

The State News, other local media, retailers, and advertisers in the Lansing area offer opportunities to obtain experience in planning and preparing advertising. Summer work in advertising and related fields often is available with media, manufacturers and advertising and public relations agencies in Detroit, Chicago, New York, Los Angeles and other cities. Opportunity for study and work in other countries is available through study abroad and the International Advertising Association. The Michigan State University Advertising Association has special activities for students, as do the Public Relations Student Society of America (PRSSA). Student teams regularly enter the American Advertising Federation national advertising campaign competition, as well as the PRSSA Bateman competition.

Admission as a Junior

Enrollments in the Advertising program are limited. In addition to the university and college requirements, students must complete Advertising 205, Economics 201 and Psychology 101 with a combined minimum grade–point average of 2.00.

To be considered for admission, upper-division students transferring from other institutions must have completed the required courses for admission as a junior referenced above with a combined minimum grade–point average of 2.00.

For additional information about procedures for admission as a junior, students should contact the Coordinator of Undergraduate Student Affairs, College of Communication Arts and Sciences.

Admission to a Second Bachelor's Degree Program  or an Additional Major

The ability of the Advertising program to accommodate students seeking admission to a second bachelor's degree program or an additional major is limited. At a minimum, these students must meet the same requirements as for admission to the advertising major as a junior.

Requirements for the Bachelor of Arts  Degree in Advertising

1. The University requirements for bachelor's degrees as described in the Undergraduate Education section of the catalog; 120 credits, including general elective credits, are required for the Bachelor of Arts degree in Advertising.
   
   The University's Tier II writing requirement for the Advertising major is met by completing Advertising 486.  That course is referenced in item 3. a. below.
2. The requirements of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences for the Bachelor of Arts degree.
3. The following requirements for the major. Not more than 45 Advertising credits may be earned in the major. 

   a.	All of the following Advertising core courses (12 credits):
   	ADV	205	Principles of Advertising							4
   	ADV	375	Consumer Behavior							4
   	ADV	486	Integrated Campaigns							4
   	The completion of Advertising 486 satisfies the capstone/synthesis requirement for the Advertising major.
   b.	One of the following concentrations (18 credits):
   	Creative
   	1.	The following course (3 credits):
   		ADV	450	Advertising Portfolio Development						3
   	2.	Complete 15 credits from the following:
   		ADV	220	Creative Processes in Advertising						3
   		ADV	322	Copy Writing and Art Direction						3
   		ADV	324	Introduction to Creative Media						3
   		ADV	326	Advanced Creative: Media I						3
   		ADV	354	Interactive Advertising Design						3
   		ADV	428	Advanced Creative: Media II - Branding						3
   	Management
   	1.	The following course (3 credits):
   		ADV	475	Advertising and Society						3
   	2.	Complete 15 credits from the following:
   		ADV	275	Integrated Strategy						3
   		ADV	330	Advertising Management						3
   		ADV	334	International Advertising						3
   		ADV	340	Advertising and Public Relations Research Methods						3
   		ADV	342	Account Planning						3
   		ADV	350	Advertising Media Planning and Strategy						3
   		ADV	352	Media Sales						3
   		ADV	354	Interactive Advertising Design						3
   		ADV	430	Social Marketing: Theory and Practice						3
   		ADV	436	Promotions and Sponsorships						3
   		ADV	456	Interactive Advertising Management						3
   c.	Advertising electives: Additional credits in Advertising courses as needed to meet the requirement of 30 credits but not more than 41 credits of Advertising courses in the major.
   d.	The following required courses in other departments (28 to 30 credits):
   	ACC	201	Principles of Financial Accounting							3
   		or
   	ACC	230	Survey of Accounting Concepts							3
   	CSE	101	Computing Concepts and Competencies							3
   		or
   	CSE	131	Technical Computing and Problem Solving							3
   	EC	201	Introduction to Microeconomics							3
   	EC	202	Introduction to Macroeconomics							3
   	ADV	225	Writing for Public Relations							3
   		or
   	CAS	299	Media Writing							3
   	MKT	327	Introduction to Marketing							3
   	PSY	101	Introductory Psychology							4
   	An additional writing course approved by the Department of Advertising, Public Relations, and Retailing (3 or 4 credits)
   	An additional literature course approved by the Department of Advertising, Public Relations, and Retailing (3 or 4 credits)
   	Students who pass a waiver examination for Computer Science and Engineering 101 will not be required to complete Computer Science and Engineering 101 or 131.
   e.	A minimum of 12 additional credits, in addition to the required courses in other departments listed above, must be completed in any combination from the following departments or programs: anthropology, history of art, history, music, philosophy, political science, psychology, sociology, studio art, or theatre.
   Only credits in courses graded on the Numerical or Pass-No Grade system may be counted toward the requirements for the Advertising major. Advertising students may not enroll in courses required for the major, including courses in other departments, on a Credit-No Credit basis.

Retailing majors study the retail industry and related businesses. Students learn to analyze and respond to consumer needs through effective business strategies; decision making is taught through state-of-the-art computer applications, case studies, industry projects and internship experiences. The program prepares students for careers with a broad range of opportunities. Graduates are recruited for positions in buying/procurement, store management, merchandise coordination, merchandise planning/analysis, customer services, human resource management, product development, product management, marketing research, and franchising. Other career opportunities include positions as catalog managers and account executives for consumer product firms. The program has a national reputation for its international retailing focus. Fundamental retailing courses are supported by a business cognate with courses in economics, finance, marketing, management, and accounting.

Students may elect to participate in a study abroad experience from the many opportunities at Michigan State University, including two specifically designed for retailing majors: Retail Distribution in Russia and Poland and Retail Management in the Netherlands.  Students may also receive up to 8 internship credits for a supervised management experience that complements required courses in the major. The Michigan State University Retailing Association is a student organization that allows students to participate in a variety of opportunities that explore business and retail careers. Activities and events that enhance the educational experience and provide in-depth insight into the professional areas are planned throughout the year.

Admission as a Junior

Enrollments in the retailing program are limited. In addition to the university and college requirements, the minimum criteria for admission as a major in retailing are:

1. Completion of Retailing 261, Economics 201 and Computer Science and  Engineering 101 or 131 with a combined minimum grade–point average of  2.00.
2. To be considered for admission, upper-division students transferring  from another institution must have completed the required courses  referenced above for admission as a junior, with a combined  minimum grade–point average of 2.00. If one of the required courses is equivalent to Retailing 261, then the individual  course grade must be 2.0 or better.

For additional information about procedures for admission as a  junior, students should contact the Coordinator of Undergraduate  Student Affairs, College of Communication Arts and Sciences.

Requirements for the Bachelor of Science Degree in Retailing

1. The University requirements for bachelor's degrees as described in the Undergraduate Education section of this catalog; 120 credits, including general elective credits are required for the Bachelor of Science degree in Retailing.
   The University's Tier II writing requirement for the Retailing major is met by completing Retailing 362, 371,  465, and 481.  Those courses are referenced in item 3. a. below.
2. The requirements of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences for the Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts degrees.
3. The following requirements for the major:

   a.	All of the following courses in the Department of Advertising, Public Relations, and Retailing (32 credits):
   	ADV	375	Consumer Behavior							3
   	RET	261	Introduction to Retailing							3
   	RET	362	Human Resources and Professional Practice in Retailing							3
   	RET	363	Promotional Strategies in Retailing							3
   	RET	371	Merchandise Planning and Buying							4
   	RET	373	Retail Entrepreneurship							3
   	RET	460	Retail Information Systems							4
   	RET	465	International Retailing							3
   	RET	471	International Buying and Product Development							3
   	RET	481	Retail Strategy Analysis							3
   b.	The following courses outside the Department of Advertising, Public Relations, and Retailing (24 credits):
   	(1)	The following course:
   		CSE	101	Computing Concepts and Competencies						3
   		Students who pass a waiver examination will not be required to complete Computer Science and Engineering 101.
   	(2)	The following Business Cognate:
   		ACC	201	Principles of Financial Accounting						3
   			or
   		ACC	230	Survey of Accounting Concepts						3
   		EC	201	Introduction to Microeconomics						3
   		EC	202	Introduction to Macroeconomics						3
   		FI	320	Introduction to Finance						3
   			or
   		ABM	435	Financial Management in the Agri-Food System						3
   		GBL	323	Introduction to Business Law						3
   		MGT	325	Management Skills and Processes						3
   		MKT	327	Introduction to Marketing						3

The Specialization in Public Relations, which is administered by the Department of Advertising, Public Relations and Retailing, is available to students majoring in Advertising, Communication, Environmental Studies and Agriscience with a concentration in communication, Journalism, James Madison, and Retailing. Limited enrollment may be made available to other majors.  With the approval of the department that administers the student’s degree program, courses that are used to satisfy the requirements for the specialization may also be used to satisfy the requirements for the bachelor’s degree.

The specialization is designed to provide a broad understanding of the role of public relations in contemporary society, as well as knowledge and experience in developing public relations materials for use in corporate, governmental, and nonprofit organizational settings. Areas of focus include public relations and society, writing for the media, public relations techniques, research methods, campaigns and cases, public relations strategies, portfolio development, and public relations ethics.

Students are eligible to apply for the specialization if they: 

1. are of sophomore standing or higher;
2.  have an overall grade-point average of 3.0; 
3.  have successfully completed Advertising 260;
4.  have successfully completed Advertising 225 or Communication Arts and Sciences 299 or Journalism 200 or Journalism 205.

To apply, students must submit an application stating their interest in the specialization. Applications are due by the tenth week of the semester. If the number of applicants meeting the basic qualifications exceeds the number of spaces available, selection will include evaluation of an interest statement and academic performance in prerequisite classes. Students will be notified of the decision after the completion of the semester.

Requirements for the Specialization in Public Relations

Upon completion of the requirements of the Specialization in Public Relations, the student should contact the Department of Advertising, Public Relations and Retailing in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences and request certification for the specialization. After the certification is approved by the college, the Office of the Registrar will enter on the student’s academic record the name of the specialization and the date that it was completed. This certification will appear on the student’s transcript.

The Department of Advertising, Public Relations, and Retailing offers professional graduate programs leading to the Master of Arts degrees in both Advertising and Public Relations, the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy in Retailing, and participates in the doctoral program in  Media and Information Studies.

Academic standards for admission and retention; degree requirements; and residence, transfer credit, and time limit requirements are in accordance with the regulations of the university and the college.

The department offers two programs leading to the Master of Arts degree: one in advertising and one in public relations. Both programs provide an intensive professional preparation for careers in these fields. Course work focuses on the general principles and practices underlying all advertising and public relations activities, as well as specialized areas of advertising such as management, media planning, consumer behavior, or research.

The master's degree programs are available under either Plan A (with thesis) or Plan B (without thesis).  By registration week of the semester preceding the semester of graduation, each student must have chosen to complete the Plan A or Plan B requirements.

Requirements for the degree include course work in other academic units within the university. Concepts and analytical techniques derived primarily from the behavioral sciences and business administration are especially important.  The student's master's degree program must be approved by the student's academic advisor.

Only course work that does not apply to degree requirements may be taken on a credit–no credit or pass-no grade basis.

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university and of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences, students must meet the requirements specified below.

Admission

Admission to departmental programs is determined by an evaluation of information regarding the applicant's academic record, goals and motivation, experience, personal references, and other items submitted as indicators of intellectual, creative, and administrative capabilities. The Graduate Record Examination (GRE) General Test is also required. The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is not required, but scores on this test may be submitted.

Although evidence other than grades influences the admission decision, the Department uses the following guidelines: students whose grade–point averages for the third and fourth years of undergraduate study are 3.25 or better may be admitted to regular status; students whose grade–point averages are 3.00 to 3.24 may be admitted to provisional status; and students whose grade--point averages are below 3.00 are rarely admitted.

A background in advertising and/or public relations, either from experience or from undergraduate study, is needed before students can begin graduate study. Students without adequate background will be required to remedy significant deficiencies through collateral course work or individual study.

Because of the sequencing of graduate–level courses, it is best if students who have had significant undergraduate course work in advertising or public relations enter the program in the fall semester. Students who need to do preparatory work for the program should enroll the preceding spring or summer semester.

Requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in  Advertising

At least 30 credits are required for the degree under either Plan A or Plan B.

Requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Public Relations

At least 30 credits are required for the master's degree in public relations under either Plan A or Plan B.

For additional information contact the Department of Advertising, Public Relations, and Retailing.

The department offers one program, Retailing, leading to the Master of Science degree. The program provides a research-intensive experience that prepares students for optimal professional positions or further higher education. Course work focuses on the general theories and principles of retailing and students work with faculty advisors to develop specialized areas of study such as international retailing, retail management, consumer behavior, retail strategy, human resource management, and e-commerce.

Students select one of the following areas of concentration: consumer behavior, retail strategy, or international retailing. The consumer behavior area deals with understanding consumption/purchase behavior and applying knowledge to develop retail strategies.  The retail strategy area focuses on positioning, financial management, human resources and other functional areas in the retail firm. The international retailing area focuses on theories of global retail expansion, comparative retail systems, and international retail strategy.

Admission

Factors that are weighted in considering applications for admission to the Master of Science program are grade–point average, academic background, and work experiences. It is desirable for a student to have a background in one of the following areas: retail/merchandising management, economics, marketing, or management. Collateral work, which does not count toward graduation, may be required for those students with inadequate undergraduate preparation or experience.

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university and of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences, students must meet the requirements specified below.

Requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Retailing

The master’s degree program in retailing is available under Plan A (with thesis) or Plan B (without thesis). Plan A requires 30 credits including 7 credits of RET 899 Master’s Thesis Research. Plan B requires 34 credits including 3 or 4 credits of RET 898 Master’s Project. The additional credits required for Plan B permit student–faculty interaction comparable to Plan A. Students must complete required core courses, one area of concentration as referenced above, a statistics/research component, and a minor area. Under the direction of a major advisor, each student develops a plan of study to meet individual needs and interests.

The Department of Advertising, Public Relations, and Retailing participates in the doctoral program in Media and Information Studies. This program is described under the College of Communication Arts and Sciences listing.

The Doctor of Philosophy degree in Retailing prepares students to become active scholars, teachers, and leaders in the retailing and other consumer industries. The retail industry includes service providers such as banks, hotels, supermarkets, electronic commerce and mass customization as well as traditional retailers. It links the service provider and the client or consumer. The interdisciplinary nature of this doctoral program allows students from across the university to use their previously acquired knowledge and skills to develop their interests further in international and cross-cultural commerce, technology in commerce, and entrepreneurship. Students are required to develop a program of scholarship that includes presentations and publications and may include opportunities to participate in ongoing research in the department.

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university and of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences for the Doctor of Philosophy degree, the student must meet the requirements as specified below.

Admission

Normally a master’s degree in retailing, marketing, services or a related area is required for admission to the doctoral program. Highly qualified students with a bachelor’s degree may be admitted to the doctoral program with the approval of the chairperson of the department and the dean of the college. Prospective graduate students must take the general sections of the Graduate Record Examination or the Graduate Management Admissions Test and submit the results to the department. Admission to the program is based on evidence of academic ability, research potential, and personal achievement. Collateral course work may be required if the student’s background is judged to be inadequate. Collateral course work will not count towards the fulfillment of the requirements for the degree.

Guidance Committee

Two of the members of the student’s guidance committee, including the student’s major professor who chairs the committee, must be from the Department of Advertising, Public Relations, and Retailing. One member of the committee must be from outside the College of Communication Arts and Sciences.

Requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Retailing

The department’s programs focus on the study of both normal and disordered aspects of speech, language, and hearing, and on the application of such knowledge to the evaluation and treatment of communicative disorders.  Areas within the department are speech-language pathology, audiology, and speech and hearing sciences.

The undergraduate program is preparatory for graduate study in human communication sciences and disorders.  It provides academic background necessary for graduate education and eventual professional certification in speech-language pathology and audiology.  Students majoring in communicative sciences and disorders plan to pursue careers in such settings as hospitals, schools, clinics, government, rehabilitation programs, private practice, and universities.

Students should note that the provision of speech-language pathology or audiology services requires a minimum of a graduate degree plus professional certification.  In order for Michigan State University to recommend a student with a disciplinary teaching major in communicative sciences and disorders for teacher certification, the student must have completed a master’s degree.

Those department majors not pursuing graduate work will discover that their critical thinking skills and understanding of human communication can serve as the foundation for careers in other areas such as health communication, business, and education.

Requirements for the Bachelor of Arts Degree in Communicative Sciences and Disorders

1. The University requirements for bachelor's degrees as described in the Undergraduate Education section of the catalog; 120 credits, including general elective credits, are required for the Bachelor of Arts degree in Communicative Sciences and Disorders.
   
   The University's Tier II writing requirement for the Communicative Sciences and Disorders major is met by completing Communicative Sciences and Disorders 344 and 364.  Those courses are referenced in item 3.b.(1) below.
2. The requirements of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences for the Bachelor of Arts degree.
3. The following requirements for the major:

   a.	A grade–point average of 2.00 or higher in Communicative Sciences and Disorders 213, 232, 303, 313, and 333.
   b.	The following Communicative Sciences and Disorders courses (39 to 45 credits):
   	(1)	All of the following courses (33 credits):
   		CSD	203	Introduction to Communicative Sciences and Disorders						3
   		CSD	213	Anatomy and Physiology of the Speech and Hearing Mechanisms						3
   		CSD	232	Descriptive Phonetics						2
   		CSD	303	Hearing Science						3
   		CSD	313	Speech Science						3
   		CSD	333	Oral Language Development						3
   		CSD	344	Evaluation Procedures in Audiology						4
   		CSD	364	Evaluation Procedures in Speech–Language Pathology						4
   		CSD	391	Observation and Analysis of Clinical Practice						1
   		CSD	444	Audiologic Rehabilitation						4
   		CSD	463	Intervention Procedures in Speech–Language Pathology						3
   		The completion of Communicative Sciences and Disorders 443 and 463 satisfies the capstone/synthesis requirement for the Communicative Sciences and Disorders major.
   	(2)	Complete an additional 6 to 12 elective credits from the Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders.
   c.	The following courses in other departments (16 or 17 credits):
   	(1)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		CSE	101	Computing Concepts and Competencies						3
   		CSE	131	Technical Computing and Problem Solving						3
   	(2)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		LIN	200	Introduction to Language						3
   		LIN	401	Introduction to Linguistics						4
   	(3)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		FCE	211	Child Growth and Development: Conception Through Early Childhood						3
   		FCE	225	Ecology of Lifespan Human Development in the Family						3
   		PSY	244	Developmental Psychology: Infancy Through Childhood						3
   	(4)	The following course (4 credits):
   		PSY	101	Introductory Psychology						4
   	(5)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		PSY	295	Data Analysis in Psychological Research						3
   		STT	200	Statistical Methods						3
   d.	Only credits in courses graded on the numerical or Pass–No Grade system may be counted toward the requirements for the Communicative Sciences and Disorders major.  Communicative Sciences and Disorders students may not enroll in courses required for the major, including courses in other departments, on a Credit–No Credit basis.
   		Students should meet with their academic advisors concerning the minimum and maximum numbers of elective credits available to them at various stages in their programs.

The communicative sciences and disorders disciplinary major leading to the Bachelor of Arts degree is available for teacher certification.
In addition to completing the requirements for both the Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts degrees with majors in communicative sciences and disorders, students with a communicative sciences and disorders disciplinary major must complete:

1. the following additional disciplinary courses:  Communicative Sciences and Disorders 433 and 483.  Those courses may be used to satisfy the requirement referenced in item 3. b. (2) under the heading Requirements for the Bachelor of Arts Degree in Communicative Sciences and Disorders, as well as the requirements for teacher certification.
2. the following pedagogy courses:  Teacher Education 150, 302, 501, and 842; Counseling, Educational Psychology and Special Education 240.  Those courses, plus Communicative Sciences and Disorders 483, constitute all of the pedagogy courses that are required for students with an communicative sciences and disorders disciplinary major; such students are not required to complete Teacher Education 401, 402, 502, 801, 802, 803, and 804.

Students who elect the communicative sciences and disorders disciplinary major must contact the Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders.

For additional information, refer to the statement on TEACHER CERTIFICATION in the Department of Teacher Education section of this catalog.

The Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders offers graduate programs of study leading to the Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy degrees in the specialty areas of speech-language pathology, and speech and hearing sciences.  Its master's degree program in speech-language pathology is nationally accredited by the Council on Academic Accreditation of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.

The interests and resources in the department are comprehensive and broad, permitting the specialized and advanced study of human communication sciences and disorders.  Students learn about the normal and disordered processes of speech, language, and hearing.  They study the nature, evaluation, and treatment of communication disorders, as well as the basic and applied scientific aspects of human communication sciences and disorders.  Departmental laboratories provide students with opportunities to be involved in research and to learn about various research methodologies and instrumentation.

Academic standards for admission and retention; degree requirements; and residence, transfer credit, and time limit requirements are in general accordance with the regulations of the University and the College.

Students who are enrolled in master’s or doctoral degree programs in the Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders may elect an Interdepartmental Specialization in Cognitive Science.  For additional information, refer to the statement on Interdepartmental Graduate Specializations in Cognitive Science in the College of Social Science section of this catalog.  For additional information, contact the Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders.

Students who are enrolled in master’s or doctoral degree programs in the Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders may elect a Specialization in Infancy and Early Childhood.  For additional information, refer to the statement on Interdepartmental Graduate Specializations in Infancy and Early Childhood in the College of Social Science section of this catalog.  For additional information, contact the Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders.

The master’s degree program in speech-language pathology provides academic and practicum experiences for students preparing for professional careers as speech-language pathologists in settings such as schools, clinics, hospitals, and rehabilitation programs. The master’s degree program also provides the basis for further study for students who wish to pursue more advanced degrees.  The master’s degree program in speech-language pathology has been accredited by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.  The master’s degree program is available under either Plan A (with thesis) or Plan B (without thesis).

Numerous clinical off-campus facilities provide opportunities for students to gain extensive and varied practicum experiences in the evaluation and treatment of communication disorders.

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university and of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences, students must meet the requirements specified below.

Admission

Admission to regular status in the Master of Arts program is contingent upon a bachelor's degree from an approved college or university, an academic grade–point average of 3.00 or better in the last two years of undergraduate study, and approval by the department. Three letters of reference (submitted on forms supplied by the department) attesting to the student's potential for graduate study are required. As part of the admission process, students must also submit a statement of purpose clearly specifying why they wish to earn a master's degree.

All students who are pursuing a master’s degree program are required to complete an undergraduate or graduate course focusing on the impact of culture on communication skill development and on the management of communication disorders. All students must also complete an undergraduate or graduate course in phonology disorders. If a student is accepted for admission without having completed these courses, the student will be required to complete such courses while enrolled in the master’s degree program. With advisor approval these credits may count toward the degree.

High achieving students who hold degrees in fields other than communicative sciences and disorders may be accepted in the program on provisional status. They must, however, complete several courses in communicative sciences and disorders and in other areas at the undergraduate level. At the completion of such designated courses, the student's credentials will be reviewed for admission to regular status.

The deadline for the receipt of all application material is February 15th. Students are admitted only in fall semester.

Requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Communicative Sciences and Disorders

At least 51 credits are required for the master's degree in Communicative Sciences and Disorders under either Plan A or Plan B.

The Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders offers doctoral programs directed toward advanced study of human communication sciences and disorders.  Doctoral programs of study are designed to meet the individual needs of students preparing for research, teaching, clinical, and administrative careers.

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university and of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences, students must meet the requirements specified below.

Admission

Admission to the doctoral program in communicative sciences and disorders requires a minimum of a master's degree or the equivalent that focused on human communication sciences and disorders; evidence of high academic achievement; a minimum of three letters of recommendation (submitted on forms supplied by the department) attesting to the student's academic abilities and achievements, and to the student's potential for doctoral–level academic and research success; and approval of the department.  Students must also submit a statement of purpose clearly specifying why they wish to pursue a doctoral degree. 

Requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Communicative Sciences and Disorders

Students must meet the requirements specified below:

1. Complete core courses covering the areas of speech and hearing sciences, and related instrumentation; neuroanatomy and physiology; and psycholinguistics.
2. Complete courses and experiences addressing the following areas of research:
   a.    Statistical analysis of data.
   b.    Research design and methodology.
   c.    Research practicum.
3. Complete an approved major area of study of human communication sciences and disorders that includes courses and experiences which are thematically related.
4. Complete an approved minor or cognate area of study outside the department which is thematically related to and aligned with human communication sciences and disorders.
5. Pass a written and oral comprehensive examination addressing the preceding requirements.
6. Successful completion and oral defense of a dissertation based upon original research that represents a contribution to the scientific knowledge base of human communication sciences and disorders.

Charles K. Atkin, Chairperson

The goal of the major in communication is to prepare students to synthesize, analyze, and criticize major functions, structures, and processes of communication within interpersonal, organizational, and mediated communication contexts.  This goal emphasizes developing broad conceptualizations and the ability to apply abstract concepts in communicating with others.  The major is designed to equip its graduates:  (a) to understand the processes involved in human interaction especially as these processes relate to a variety of cultural perspectives, (b) to work with diverse others in communication problem solving, (c) to identify and critically analyze the major theoretical perspectives in the field of communication, (d) to write and speak clearly using communication concepts, and (e) to develop transferable skills in problem solving in interpersonal interactions, in small group settings, and with diverse populations.

Undergraduate work in communication creates greater awareness of the intricate networks that shape human interaction.  Communication study is designed to prepare students to become human relations specialists in industry, the media, and government as well as for graduate study and further professional education.  Majors most commonly pursue careers in sales, fund raising, corporate recruiting and training, customer relations, public relations, and government.

Students who transfer from community or junior colleges may transfer a maximum of 10 credits in communication for the major.  Such credit will not replace any required course unless it is so evaluated by the department.

Admission to a Second Bachelor's Degree Program or an Additional Major

Ordinarily, students will not be permitted to pursue additional majors and second bachelor's degree majors in the Department of Communication. Students seeking admission to a second bachelor's degree program or an additional major must meet the requirements for admission as a junior to the College of Communication Arts and Sciences.

Requirements for the Bachelor of Arts Degree in  Communication

1. The University requirements for bachelor's degrees as described in the Undergraduate Education section of the catalog; 120 credits, including general elective credits, are required for the Bachelor of Arts degree in Communication.
   
   The University's Tier II writing requirement for the Communication major is met by completing any one of the following courses:  Communication 425, 440, 475.  Those courses are referenced in item 3. b. (3) below.
2. The requirements of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences for the Bachelor of Arts degree.
3. The following requirements for the major:

   a.	The following courses outside the Department of Communication (24 to 30 credits):
   	(1)	The following course (3 credits):
   		Philosophy 130.
   	(2)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		Computer Science and Engineering 101 or 131.
   		Students who pass a waiver examination for Computer Science and Engineering 101 will not be required to complete Computer Science and Engineering 101 or 131.
   	(3)	A required cognate in the behavioral and social sciences that consists of six courses from at least three of the following five departments:  Anthropology, Economics, Political Science, Psychology, and Sociology (18 to 24 credits).
   b.	The following Communication courses (30 to 45 credits):
   	(1)	A grade of 2.0 or higher must be achieved in each of these courses:  Communication 200 (4 credits), 225 (3 credits), 240 (4 credits), and Communication 275 (3 credits); each of these 4 courses must be completed prior to enrolling in any 300–400 level Communication courses.
   	(2)	Communication 391 (4 credits), a course emphasizing topics in culture and diversity.
   	(3)	One of the following communication specializations (7 credits):
   		Interpersonal:  Communication 325 and 425.
   		Mass Media:  Communication 375 and 475.
   		Organizational:  Communication 340 and 440.
   		The completion of the four–hundred level course in any one of the specializations satisfies the capstone/synthesis requirement for the communication major.
   	(4)	Communication electives:  additional credits in Communication courses as needed to meet the requirement of at least 30, but not more than 45, credits in courses in the major.

Students should meet with their academic advisors concerning the minimum and maximum numbers of elective credits available to them at various stages in their programs.

Students are strongly encouraged to complete an internship approved by the Department of Communication whether for university credit based on academic eligibility standards or on a voluntary, non–credit basis.  The department will make every effort to assist communication majors in finding appropriate internship placements.

Students who are enrolled in the communication major are encouraged to structure their programs to include courses in one of the following  concentrations:  business, telecommunication, mediation and dispute resolution, culture and diversity theory and research, or prelaw.

Students who pursue a concentration in business must complete the following courses: Accounting 230, Economics 201 or 202, General Business and Business Law 323, Management 325, and Marketing and Supply Chain Management 327. Students should contact their academic advisors for additional information.

The Specialization in Sales Communication provides students with the set of educational experiences, courses, and training they need to become successful sales agents and leaders in a sales-intensive corporate setting.  The specialization prepares students to be successful in any sales setting and provides the management skills necessary to expand their careers in a manner consistent with their goals.

The Specialization in Sales Communication is administered by the Department of Communication in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences and is available as an elective to students who are enrolled in bachelor’s degree programs at Michigan State University. Preference will be given to students in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences  and The Eli Broad College of Business, excluding The School of Hospitality Business. As space permits, students from other colleges desiring the specialization will be considered on an individual basis. Students who are interested in the specialization must contact the Department of Communication in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences. With the approval of the department or school and college that administers the student’s degree program, courses that are used to satisfy the requirements for the specialization may also be used to satisfy the requirements for the bachelor’s degree. The student’s program of study must be approved by the student’s academic advisor for the specialization.

Admission

To be considered for admission, a student must have been formally admitted to a bachelor’s degree program at Michigan State University. Admission is competitive. Students must be enrolled in or have completed Marketing and Supply Chain Management 313, Personal Selling and Buying Processes, and achieved a passing grade. Other admission criteria include performance on a sales aptitude test, work experience, and a statement of purpose. Each applicant will be interviewed by a faculty program administrator and each student’s application will be rank ordered.

To apply to the program, students should complete an application after the midterm in Marketing 313 and submit it to the sales  communication specialization coordinator in the Department of Communication.

Students must:

1. provide their midterm grade in Marketing 313;
2. provide their overall grade-point average in their major;
3. provide a statement of purpose indicating why they want to enter the specialization;
4. provide their score on a sales aptitude test that measures sales, job, and personal skills;
5. participate in a personal interview to determine their interest in joining the specialization in which performance in the interview will be assessed.

Requirements for the Specialization in Sales Communication

Upon completion of the requirements of the Specialization in Sales Communication, the student should contact the advisor for the specialization and request certification for the specialization. After the certification is approved by the Dean of the College, the Office of the Registrar will enter on the student’s academic record the name of the specialization and the date that it was completed. This certification will appear on the student’s transcript.

Students who are enrolled in the Bachelor of Arts degree program with a major in communication may apply for admission to the Specialization in Public Relations. For additional information, refer to the Specialization in Public Relations statement.

The Department of Communication offers programs leading to the Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy degrees. Students who want to earn a master's degree in Communication pursue one of two programs of study:  a predoctoral program that emphasizes knowledge generation (thesis) or a program that emphasizes knowledge utilization (final examination). The Doctor of Philosophy degree program in Communication is for students who intend to become research scholars.

Academic standards for admission and retention; degree requirements; and residence, transfer credit, and time limit requirements are in accordance with the regulations of the university and the college.

A more comprehensive description of the graduate programs, including standards and requirements for admission and retention, and information about financial assistance, may be obtained by visiting www.comm.msu.edu or by writing to the Office of Graduate Studies, Department of Communication, 466 Communication Arts Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824–1212.

Students who are enrolled in Master of Science degree programs in the Department of Communication may elect a Specialization in Food Safety.  For additional information, refer to the statement on the specialization in the College of Veterinary Medicine section of this catalog. 

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university and of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences, students must meet the requirements specified below.

Admission

Admission is determined by the Master’s Affairs Committee from the Department of Communication. Applicants are ranked among all that apply for a given year. Selection criteria place emphasis on grade-point average and course work, Graduate Record Examination General Test scores, Test of English as a Foreign Language scores for international students, letters of recommendation, the student’s resume, and the student’s academic interests.

To be considered for admission to the Master of Arts degree in Communication, an applicant must submit:

(1)    Graduate School Application
(2)    One official copy of all transcripts.
(3)    Three letters of recommendation.
(4)    A statement of purpose outlining academic and professional goals.
(5)    Graduate Record Examination Scores (GRE) for the General Test.
(6)    Test of English as a Foreign Language Scores (TOEFL), if applicable.
(7)    A resume.

Application materials should be received by April 1. Students will be admitted only for the fall semester. For additional information please visit our Web site at: www.comm.msu.edu/programs/masters.html.

Requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Communication

The student must complete the requirements for either the predoctoral concentration or the knowledge utilization concentration as specified below:

Communication is a social process by which human beings are linked through the creation, transmission, and reception of messages. The focus of this program is the scholarly analysis of that linkage, with an emphasis on the characteristics of the messages and channels through which linkage occurs.

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university and of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences, students must meet the requirements specified below.

Admission

February 1 is the deadline for applications for admission and for financial assistance for the succeeding fall semester.  Late applications may be considered.

Students are admitted from heterogeneous educational backgrounds.

Requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Communication

The student's program is organized around a set of experiences that simulate an interdependent community of communication scholars.  These experiences are intended to maximize creative growth and development, and to provide the student with the skills needed to manage an intellectual community.

There are two basic tasks of a community of communication scholars, in each of which the student must demonstrate competence:

1. Teaching.  The entering student receives training in instructional models and teaching methods in communication education.  Each student serves as an apprentice in supervised teaching situations, leading to a demonstration of independent competence in teaching.
2. Research.  The student is assigned to a task group that explores research questions to which the Department has assigned priority.  Each student participates in various phases of on–going research projects.  Responsibility for the design and conduct of research is increased as competence develops.  Each student must present at least one major report of original research which has been conducted independently.

The first learning experiences in the program consist of the absorption of basic knowledge about communication theory and research, message analysis, and methods of inquiry. During the first year, the new student takes core course work in communication theory and research methods. Much of this work is team–taught by the faculty and engages the full–time curricular energies of the students. Students without background in communication or social science research may be advised to take some preparatory course work.

When the student has mastered this core material, usually by the end of two semesters of residence, the program's focus is directed toward specialization in one or more areas of communication activity. These include, but are not limited to, interpersonal communication, multicultural communication, organizational communication, and persuasion. For such specialization, the student is exposed to lecture courses and doctoral seminars within the department, and to work in other departments which will supplement the mastery of these content areas.

From this point, the student moves to the final stages of the doctoral program—additional advanced seminars, comprehensive examinations, and/or a preliminary paper, and the ultimate goal of developing and defending a doctoral dissertation.

The Department of Communication does not have a fixed minor which it offers to students in other departments. Rather, specific programs are arranged that best fit individual intellectual needs. Minor work is selected primarily from 800–level courses or the 900–level research methods sequence.

Jane Briggs-Bunting, Director

The School of Journalism prepares its graduates for a broad range of careers with newspapers, magazines, broadcasting, online media, public relations, universities and government as writers, reporters, editors, photographers, videographers, managers and teachers. Education for work in any area of journalism requires mastery of fact gathering, writing, and editing skills, a firm commitment to the concept of free and independent news media, and a broad education in the liberal arts, social sciences, and physical and natural sciences. A firm grasp of standard English and the ability to communicate in it is essential for successful careers in the news media and other information services.

The Bachelor of Arts degree program in journalism has been continuously accredited since 1949 by the Accrediting Council on Education in Journalism and Mass Communications.

Admission as a Junior

Enrollments in the School of Journalism are limited. In addition to the university and college requirements, minimal criteria for application as a major in journalism are:

1. Completion of Journalism 108 and 200 with a minimum 2.5 grade-point average and a minimum grade of 2.0 in each course. Any applicant who does not meet this requirement may submit a portfolio of work for an admission interview with a member of the undergraduate committee.
2. Completion of Economics 202.

Admission is based on the cumulative grade–point average of all courses taken and the grades in Journalism 108 and 200. In addition, factors such as work experience, diversity, and residency may be considered.

The number of transfer students admitted to the School of Journalism is also limited. To be considered for admission, upper division students transferring from another institution must have completed one economics course and at least two courses in journalism with a minimum grade in each journalism course of 2.0 in all credits attempted. A maximum of 6 semester credits in journalism courses taken at other institutions may be transferred as general journalism credits, but do not substitute for courses required of majors, unless they are from another accredited journalism program. Transfer students who are admitted to the journalism major with 6 semester credits in journalism are required to take a minimum of 23 credits in journalism courses at Michigan State University. Transfer students will have one semester to complete the additional requirements for admission as a junior referenced above.

For additional information about procedures for admission as a junior, students should contact the Coordinator of Undergraduate Student Affairs, College of Communication Arts and Sciences.

Admission to a Second Bachelor's Degree Program or an Additional Major

Students seeking admission to a second bachelor's degree program or an additional major must meet the same requirements as for admission to the journalism major as a junior.

Requirements for the Bachelor of Arts Degree in Journalism

1. The University requirements for bachelor's degrees as described in the Undergraduate Education section of this catalog; 120 credits, including general elective credits, are required for the Bachelor of Arts degree in Journalism.
   
   The University's Tier II writing requirement for the Journalism major is met by completing Journalism 300 or 306. The University’s Tier II writing requirement for Journalism majors pursuing teacher certification is met by completing Journalism 409.  Those courses are referenced in item 3. a. (2) below.
   
   The completion of either of the two options referenced in item 3. b. (1) below satisfies the University mathematics requirement.
2. The requirements of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences for the Bachelor of Arts degree.
3. The following requirements for the major:

   a.	The following Journalism courses (29 credits):
   	(1)	Journalism 108 (3 credits).
   	(2)	Journalism 200 and either Journalism 300 or 306 with a minimum grade–point average of 2.00 or higher for these two courses in all credits attempted (8 credits).
   			Students pursuing teacher certification must complete Journalism 200, 310, 336, and 409. (13 credits).  An average minimum grade-point of 2.0 is required for Journalism 200 in combination with either Journalism 310 or 336 or 409.
   	(3)	Journalism 430 (3 credits).
   	(4)	Journalism 480 (3 credits).
   		The completion of Journalism 480 satisfies the capstone course requirement for the Journalism major.
   	(5)	One of the following survey courses:  Journalism 322, 325, 335, 345, 370, 391, 422, 455, 471, 472, 473, 475, or 476 (3 credits).
   	(6)	Two additional Journalism laboratory courses, at least one of which must be at the 400 level (6 credits).
   	(7)	One additional Journalism course (3 credits).
   	(8)	One Professional Experience selected from the following courses: Journalism 406, 420, or 493. With approval, students may substitute a Professional Experience in Journalism 408 or 490.
   b.	The following courses in departments outside the College of Communication Arts and Sciences (38 to 49 credits):
   	(1)	Mathematics: 5 to 7 credits. One of the following two options:
   		(a)	Mathematics 110 or 116 (5 credits).
   		(b)	Mathematics 103 and one of the following courses: Mathematics 112, 114; Statistics and Probability 200, 201 (6 or 7 credits).
   	(2)	Literature: 9 to 12 credits. At least one course at the 300-400 level is required.
   	(3)	History: 6 to 8 credits. At least one course at the 300-400 level is required.
   	(4)	Business and Economics: 6 credits including Economics 202 and one of the following courses: Accounting 230, Economics 201, Marketing and Supply Chain Management 327, Environmental Economics and Policy 201.
   	(5)	External Specialty:  Four related courses of at least 3 credits each selected from one, or a combination, of the following categories and approved by the School of Journalism (12 to 16 credits):
   		(a)	300–400 level courses in one department.
   		(b)	300–400 level courses in different but related fields of study.
   		(c)	courses at any level in physical and natural sciences, statistics, and computer science.
   		(d)	courses in mathematics or a foreign language beyond the University requirements.
   c.	Journalism majors must complete a minimum of 80 credits in courses outside the College of Communication Arts and Sciences with no fewer than 65 credits in the liberal arts and sciences. Journalism majors must complete a minimum of 29 credits in journalism with a maximum of 40 credits from departments in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences.
   d.	Only credits in courses graded on the numerical or Pass–No Grade system may be counted toward the requirements for the Journalism major.  Journalism students may not enroll in courses required for the major, including courses in other departments, on a Credit–No Credit basis.

The School of Journalism stresses the importance of gaining professional experience while pursuing a degree in journalism. Students who have combined classroom work with internships have often found acceptance from employers. The school coordinates internships for students, provides career counseling, and assists seniors and graduate students with job placement.

Other Programs

Agriculture and Natural Resources Communications:  see the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources section of this catalog for courses in Journalism appropriate to this major.

Engineering Arts:  see the College of Engineering section of this catalog for courses appropriate to this major.

Suggested Program

During the freshman and sophomore years, students intending to major in Journalism should complete the university's Integrative Studies requirements. Students intending to major in journalism should complete Journalism 108 in the freshman year and Journalism 200 and Economics 202 before the end of the sophomore year.

In order to ensure enrollment in required courses, majors should plan their junior and senior year programs with the advice and assistance of faculty who serve as academic advisors.

Today's journalist should have a broad education in the liberal arts, social sciences, and physical and natural sciences. Many courses in literature, history, economics, and foreign languages are open to freshmen and sophomores.

The journalism disciplinary major leading to the Bachelor of Arts degree is available for teacher certification.
A journalism disciplinary minor is also available for teacher certification.

Students who elect the journalism disciplinary major or the journalism disciplinary minor must contact the School of Journalism.
For additional information, refer to the statement on TEACHER CERTIFICATION in the Department of Teacher Education section of this catalog.

Students who are enrolled in the Bachelor of Arts degree program with a major in journalism may elect a Specialization in Public Relations. For additional information, refer to the Specialization in Public Relations statement.

The School of Journalism offers a Master of Arts degree in Journalism. Students may concentrate in general or environmental journalism.The School also participates in the doctoral programs in Media and Information Studies and American Studies. Academic standards for admission and retention; degree requirements; and residence, transfer credit, and time limit requirements are in accordance with the regulations of the university and the college.

The Master of Arts degree program provides students with the opportunity to acquire skills and knowledge for careers in the mass media or for advanced graduate study. The program is flexible and easily adapts to the needs of individual students with or without media experience or journalism education. The program also enables students to gain expertise in an area of study outside journalism that coincides with their career goals.

The Master of Arts program is designed for (1) students who have undergraduate degrees in areas other than journalism and who seek careers in newspapers, broadcast news, photojournalism, magazines, or public relations and information; (2) working journalists who wish to advance in the profession by studying specific areas within and outside of journalism; (3) working journalists and students who seek a specialized career in environmental journalism; (4) students who seek careers in journalism education at the secondary, community college, or college levels; and (5) graduates of journalism programs who seek advanced courses in journalism and related fields.

The master's degree program in journalism is available under either Plan A (with thesis) or Plan B (without thesis). The student's master's degree program must be approved by the student's academic advisor.

In addition to the requirements of the university and of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences, students must meet the requirements specified below.

Admission

In addition to meeting the established standards required for admission to graduate study in the college, applicants for admission are asked to provide the Journalism Graduate Committee with the following:

1. An official transcript of all undergraduate and graduate work.
2. Three letters of recommendation from persons who are familiar with the applicant's academic and professional work.
3. Scores on the General Test of the Graduate Record Examination (GRE).
4. A 750–word autobiography.
5. A 1000–word statement of purpose suggesting reasons for beginning a program of graduate study.

Students who enter the program with undergraduate degrees in other disciplines will be asked to demonstrate competence in specific journalistic areas or will be required to complete certain undergraduate journalism courses as prerequisites to graduate courses.

Requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Journalism

Students must select one of the following concentrations:

The School of Journalism participates in the interdepartmental doctoral program in Media and Information Studies and in the interdisciplinary doctoral emphasis in American Studies.

The doctoral program in Media and Information Studies is described under the College of Communication Arts and Sciences listing.

A description of the American Studies emphasis may be found under Interdepartmental and Interdisciplinary Programs in the College of Arts and Letters section of this catalog.

Additional information about graduate study in Journalism and Media and Information Studies may be obtained from the School of Journalism.

The Journalism/Law Institute was established in the School of Journalism to study areas of common interest to the mass media, the courts, and the legal profession. The Institute holds seminars and workshops and fosters research and study into First Amendment concerns.

Charles Steinfield, Chairperson

The Department of Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media offers graduate work leading to the Master of Arts degree and participates in the doctoral program in Media and Information Studies.

Academic standards for admission and retention; degree requirements; and residence, transfer credit, and time limit requirements are in accordance with the regulations of the university and the college.

Students who are enrolled in master’s or doctoral degree programs in the Department of Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media may elect an Interdepartmental Specialization in Cognitive Science. For additional information, refer to the statement on Interdepartmental Graduate Specializations in Cognitive Science in the College of Social Science section of this catalog. For additional information, contact the Department of Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media.

The Master of Arts program in Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media is designed to prepare people for professional positions in telecommunication management, research, or design or for further study at the doctoral level. Upon completion of this degree program graduates should possess a broad disciplinary base in the theory, methods, technology, design, and management of telecommunication, information, and media systems in business and society.

The student’s degree program must be approved by the student’s advisor and the Director of Master of Arts Studies. Both Plan A (with thesis) and Plan B (without thesis) are available to all students. There are two Plan B options: a comprehensive examination or a project.

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university and of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences, students must meet the requirements specified below.

Admission

Admission is determined by an evaluation of information regarding the applicant's academic record, goals and interests, experience, personal references, scores on the General Test of the Graduate Record Examination (GRE), and other materials submitted as indicators of intellectual promise.

Although evidence other than grades influences the admission decision, the department uses the following guideline: students whose grade–point averages for the third and fourth years of undergraduate study are 3.25 or better are admitted to regular status. Students whose grade–point averages are below 3.25 may be admitted to provisional status. Students whose grade–point averages are below 3.00 are rarely admitted.

A background in telecommunication, either from experience or from undergraduate study, is needed before students can begin graduate study. Students without adequate background will be required to remedy deficiencies through undergraduate course work.
Students may enter the program either during fall or the spring semester. However, it is highly recommended that students start their program in the fall. Additional current information may be obtained from the department’s Web site www.tism.msu.edu or the Director of M.A. Studies.

Requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media

A minimum of 30 credits is required for the master’s degree in telecommunication, information studies and media under either Plan A or Plan B.

At least one course from each of the five core competencies of theory, methods, design, technology, and management is required.  No single course may count in more than one area for any individual student.

Students should consult the Master of Arts Handbook for a current listing of courses that fulfill the core competency requirements. Not more than 6 elective credits may be taken from outside the college except through joint programs such as the Management of Information Technology Option or the Graduate Specialization in Cognitive Science. Not more than 6 credits in telecommunication independent study and internship courses combined and not more than 6 credits in either telecommunication independent study or internship courses may be counted toward the requirements for the Master of Arts degree in Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media.

Plan A (with thesis) students are required to take 4 to 6 credits of TC 899 Master’s Thesis Research.

Plan B (without thesis) students are required to take 4 to 6 credits of TC 843 Digital Media Project.

The Graduate Specialization in Management of Information Technology, which is administered by the Department of Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media, is available to students enrolled in the Master of Arts degree in Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media. With the approval of the student’s academic advisor, courses that are used to satisfy the requirements for the specialization may also be used to satisfy the requirements for the master’s degree.

The specialization is intended for students who want to study the management of information technology, based upon a cooperation between the Department of Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media, and the Department of Accounting and Information Systems in the Eli Broad College of Business.

The specialization is designed to provide multiple perspectives on how information and communication technology affect the workplace, and how these technologies can be implemented in effective ways.  Students will train for roles in organizations where they will be designing, implementing and evaluating information and communication technology.  Areas of focus include business processes, the interaction of social and technical systems within organizations, design of information technology systems, and evaluation of technology within organizations.

Admission

Students must apply to the department in writing, fill out a plan of study, and complete Telecommunication 861 prior to admission to the specialization.

Requirements for the Graduate Specialization in Management of Information Technology

 Upon completion of the degree requirements for the Master of Arts degree in Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media, the student should contact the Department of Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media and request certification for the completion of the specialization. After the Chairperson of the Department and the Dean of the College of Communication Arts and Sciences approve the certification, the Office of the Registrar will enter on the student’s academic record the name of the specialization and the date that it was completed. This certification will appear on the student’s transcript.

The Department of Telecommunication, Information Studies and Media participates in the doctoral program in  Media and Information Studies. This program is described under the College of Communication Arts and Sciences listing.